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Readers Weigh In On Smelly Computers Issue
Friday, September 17, 1999
By Applelinks Contributing Editor Charles W. Moore
It was with no small amount of trepidation that I decided to go public with
my chemical hypersensitivity problems as they relate to computer plastics
in my Moore's Views & Reviews column this week on Applelinks, and a
column earlier this year on MacOpinion.
Multiple Chemical Sensitivity is a controversial topic, and claiming to be
affected by it tends to draw a barrage of contemptuous patronization from
certain elements in the medical profession, industry advocates, and from
individuals who desperately want to believe that MCS sufferers are a
bunch of psychologically unstable whiners and malingerers.
For example, here is one typically supercilious and dismissive put-down
from a medical professional MCS skeptic:
"The expression "multiple chemical sensitivity" ("MCS") is used to describe
people with numerous troubling symptoms attributed to environmental
factors. Many such people are seeking special accommodations, applying
for disability benefits, and filing lawsuits claiming that exposure to
common foods and chemicals has made them ill. Their efforts are
supported by a small cadre of physicians who use questionable diagnostic
and treatment methods."
A chemical industry financed propaganda agency called the Environmental
Sensitivities Research Institute (ESRI) characterizes people who think they
are suffering from MCS as irrationally frightened by technology and
chemicals ('enemies of progress' if you will), and further maintains that
any professional who supports belief in MCS is promoting "junk science."
"[MCS] exists only because a patient believes it does and because a doctor
validates that belief," ESRI declares. In other words, if you exhibit MCS
symptoms, you are probably crazy, and if your doctor thinks otherwise, he
or she is probably a quack or a charlatan.
For an articulate and thorough discussion of what MCS sufferers have to
put up with in this vein, written by a licensed physician who is afflicted
with MCS himself, visit this URL:
http://www.mcsrr.org/fedmcscommentsam.html
Over the past 15 years I have encountered many people who either suffer
from and/or treat MCS, and very few of them seemed to be neurotic or
hysterical. There is a district court judge who collects special interest
automobiles, but has trouble working on them or even driving them. He
also wilts from heavily scented individuals in his courtroom. There was a
professional boatbuilder in New Brunswick who became so sensitized to
fiberglass chemicals used in his business (a well-ventilated, brand new,
state-of-the-art operation) that he couldn't even stay in his home if the
wind was blowing from the direction of the plant next door.
Another fellow I know is a car and computer freak who works in a
university science department. I know physicians who have received hate
mail and public ridicule from their colleagues over the MCS issue. One has
been subjected to what can only be described as a full-blown inquisition by
his provincial medical association, and ruined financially by the cost of his
defense.
Personally, I am a lifelong car-nut, have worked in the automotive repair
field, and was for several years a retail marine paint and chemicals
specialist. I now make a portion of my living writing about computers --
hardly fitting the profile of someone "frightened by technology and
chemicals."
One can only surmise that the astonishingly vicious (not too strong a word)
attacks mounted on both MCS patients and the minority of physicians who
try to treat them (usually with little or no support from the medical and
research establishments) are at least partly motivated by the fact that
chemical companies are spooked, because the bottom- line stakes
associated with MCS being "real" are potentially enormous. The industry
knows that if a clearly-defined disease emerges from research on MCS,
with chemical causes that are understood, chemical corporations could face
liability and compensation claims from millions of victims harmed by their
products.
Because MCS sufferers react to chemicals at levels hundreds or thousands
of times lower than allowable occupational exposures, traditional toxicology
thinking dictates that their symptoms can't be caused by chemical
exposures. Nor is MCS a true allergy because there are no IgE-mediated
reactions involved, so conventional allergists don't acknowledge it either.
Because MCS fits none of conventional medicine's accepted mechanisms of
disease, medical "experts" often label it "psychogenic" or "stress-related"--
originating in the patient's mind.
More often than not conflicted interests taint such so-called expert opinion.
Most scientific research is conducted by laboratories whose funding comes
either directly or indirectly from business -- often business with chemical-
related activities. University boards are heavily populated with corporate
executives. Corporations contribute heavily to most political parties, and
expect back-scratching in return. On health and environmental issues,
information is filtered through institutions and government agencies that
have a financial and philosophical predisposition to produce data congenial
to their business benefactors, with no incentive to engage in research or
produce results that could potentially harm corporate balance sheets.
I am not anti-business, anti-science, or anti-technology, but I do believe
that the millions of people struggling to get through the day handicapped
by acquired sensitivity to the products of industrial society deserve better
treatment than to be stigmatized as shirkers and nut-cases, simply because
their illness may prove inconvenient and/or expensive to industry and
society.
With the above in mind, I have been pleasantly surprised on both
occasions that I've written about this issue by the thoughtful, helpful, and
kindly-spirited responses from most readers who responded. Mac folks are
a special breed, it seems. Thanks all.
Charles
From: Bob Shapka:
Charles;
Thanks for raising the issue of odoriferous electronics so eloquently.
Congrats for hanging in there through all your trials; anyone of lesser
stamina would likely have retired to other pursuits long ago.
I thankfully don't suffer as you but I did notice a particularly strong
electronic odor from a new TV receiver we purchased recently.
Hopefully your article will spur Apple at least to pursue the issues you've
raised.
Sincerely;
Bob
Keith Bumgarner of MacInformed writes:
Charles, many of the odors you detect undoubtedly come from improperly
cured plastics, or combinant polymers that have modified melt points to
reflect both crystalline and amorphous characteristics, or some
combination of both of these scenarios.
Working in the field of electrophysics of polymers before turning my
attention to computers about 18 years ago, I had to also study extensively
the rheological aspects of most plastics, both thermoplastic and
thermosetting varieties, as the rheological aspects of a plastic often
offers clues as to the electrophysical properties of the same substance,
including charge, charge-to-mass ratio (Q/M), dielectrics, static
propensity, and other specifications.
Given that some plastics have a crystalline meltpoint while others are
amorphous, and some heat or chemical cure while others merely air
harden, there is a great variance in the characteristics you mention that
may or may not "gas off" or yield offensive odors.
The curing as well as the meltpoint will vary from batch to batch meaning
Product X made on Monday may have an offensive odor (indicating some
internalized process continues), while Wednesday's run of EXACTLY the
same thing may not, indicating all internal processes have matured
properly.
I realize there are other sources of the odors you mention but this has to
be a primary cause. There is, unfortunately, a degree of hopelessness
associated with this as the polymeric characteristics that lead to this
phenomena in manufacturing are almost uncontrollable to the fine degree
required to control odors, even by the most conscientious and
ergonomically sensitive of manufacturers. Way too many variables go into
these types of manufacturing processes and many of them are played out
long before the manufacturer sees the raw materials.
In our work years ago, we attempted to control this by developing QC
specifications for the raw materials as well as the manufacturing
processes, often choosing to NOT QC the finished product. As a student of
W. Edward Demming, I found ignoring the end result, while attempting to
control the ongoing processes, led us to the most stable results in the
final product. Unfortunately Demming's methodologies and philosophies are
still not widely accepted although he was eventually honored, quite
belatedly I might add, in this country.
It is worth noting, however, that we did discover a thread connecting the
conductivity, tribolectric charge, and the stability or instability of the
polymer, which often contributed directly to the plastic's propensity to
"gas off" or secrete an offensive odor. The more stable the molecules, or,
in high school chemistry jargon, if the outer electron complement was
"filled", there was less likely chance of "gas off", meaning typically that
more conductive plastics are less likely to "gas off" than more resistive
ones. This may be oversimplifying it, but there are goodly slices of truth
in all this.
I feel for your affliction and hope there are solutions on the horizon for
you. As one who also suffers greatly from an affliction that can't be seen
(and some feel doesn't exist - fibromyalgia), I am certainly empathetic to
your plight.
Should your search or push for solutions in this area require a Mac
aficionado who also knows something of polymers be needed in the future,
drop me a line. If I am in a position to help, I will be glad to do so.
Best wishes and good luck with this situation. --
Keith
TechInfo, Inc./MacInformed.com
http://www.macinformed.com/
----------------------------
From Lon Hutchison
Dear Mr. Moore,
It is a shame. I am sorry to hear of your health issue as regards off-
gassing from various products including your platform of choice. I was
somewhat aware of this off-gassing issue, in particular there are many
healthcare workers that have an intolerance to latex gloves. A very serious
intolerance.
There is no doubt that the public has not been made sufficiently aware of
the issue, and to that end your article is outstanding. It should be
reprinted in every Tech section of every newspaper in the USA, in both
their online and hardcopy editions!
I have no such illness myself, indeed your article serves to remind me how
very fortunate I am. Like the Nike ad, I just do it: I live with few
encumbrances to my corporal being and I take it for granted even in my
middle-age of 45 years.
I have no political influence or any other influence to speak of for that
matter, but I would be glad to help you in a crusade against this form of
environmental pollution in any way I can. As you say, "It is reasonably
certain that hypersensitivity to chemicals is at least partially acquired
through exposure, although there is almost certainly an element of genetic
predisposition at work as well."
Time to cut down on the exposure levels, and therefore cut down the
acquisition of illness. Ounce of prevention beats the pound of cure. This is
doable.
Best,
Lon Hutchison
PS: you are one of my fave Mac writers, i always enjoy your stuff and
usually agree with your positions, oddly enuff...
From Michael V. Foley
Hello.
I work in the aerospace industry. Our company is serious about reducing
excessive chemical exposure, and tries very hard to find less toxic
substitutes when possible.
Long term, it seems things will get better (not much worse) than it is
today. Short term, there may be a solution for you. A few of the materials
that can be used to manufacture computers will be a problem. They will
out gas for years. You are just stuck.
If you are lucky, you can fix the others. It you are careful, a system can be
"washed", if you are technically, and chemically knowledgeable about
computers and a few new solvents.
Disclaimer :) I cannot guarantee, or recommend that anyone perform the
following steps. They may work, or not. They may be safe, or not. If you
do this it is at your own risk.
First, disassemble (remove the case) the computer. Wash the case, inside
and out. Pick a gentle detergent, and wash as much as necessary.
Second, disconnect and remove the motherboard (after removing RAM, PCI
cards, etc).
There are now circuit board cleansers based on oranges that are used to
remove flux instead of chlorofluorocarbons. The motherboard (all circuit
boards) should be cleaned by hand with Q-tips, and a small brush.
Most power supplies cannot be easily cleaned. You might be able to get to
the bottom of the circuit board, depending on the design.
I would not even touch the hard drive, or the CD-ROM. The CD or DVD drive
could be aired out running it continuously, outside the case, with a fan
blowing clean (no dust) air over it for a while.
WARNING: Electro-Static Discharge, or "ESD" can damage or destroy IC
chips. Always use a grounding strap, and never open your system on a low
humidity (dry) day. After you make sure everything is electrically
disconnected from the wall, a very, very, very light spray (mist) of water
over your floor would not hurt if you don't have an ESD safe work mat.
The keys should be removed, and washed like the case. The keyboard
should be washed by hand like the motherboard. If you use IPA (Isopropyl
Alcohol, or 2 propanol), make sure you use 90% or better. Don't use 70%
IPA. Water (the 30%) is NOT a good thing on circuit boards. Do not use ANY
of the general purpose "retail" orange based cleaners on your circuit
boards. Make sure it is for electronic circuit boards.
I'll look to see what brands that may work.
Mike
From Steve Hume
As a happy user of a PowerBook G3, it's too bad you can't enjoy. I acknowledge your complaint but I thought I would pass along a tip in case you weren't aware of it.
I am sensitive to your condition. Our family knew a woman that got to the
stage of print ink sensitivity and couldn't read. At that time there were no
electronic books as supplements. I agree that if you are driven to
controlled environments then the computers you use to interact should
work for you. Unfortunately like me you are an Apple fan and they are your
only supplier.
By the way the woman has had a full reversal and is no longer sensitive!
Good luck. I work in the communications technology area of voice and
internet that I trust you will continue to consume without negative
effects.
You need to fix the root cause but as you know the world will not stop
producing chemicals on your behalf.
The following is the info on a Tibbits Fresh Air System that uses a LOT of
Carbon to bind to the chemical contaminants. I use a whole house system
due to environmental allergies (trees, dust Mite) My son has viral triggered
asthma and has not had a bout since we installed it. There are room
models that may be used for your work area.
The inventor is in Canada and the following is some web based info
probably posted by another satisfied user. I suggest a direct call to
Tibbits as it is family owned and run and not really into ecommerce yet.
Hope this helps,
Steve Hume
From: Paul de Haan:
I thought of something which could help out. As pointed out in your article,
the specific odor normally disappears over time. This process is called
ageing. This can be helped substantially by having the equipment exposed
to extreme temperatures (and some ventilation maybe). Now I know it
sounds odd to put your machine in an oven and heat it.... but exactly this is
done to equipment in special chambers to aid in the burn-in process.
Normally, new equipment can be sensitive to crashing/getting defective in
its first time of it's "life". Then things function reliably for a long period
of time, after which - normally slowly - problems arise again. This
process is known as the "bathtub curve" (hope i spelled it right).
In practice, you could put your G3 in an oven and heat it to the maximum
allowed temperature. The specifications of the current G3 are:
Environmental requirements
Operating temperature: 32° to 95° F (0° to 35° C)
Storage temperature: -13° to 140° F (-25° to 60° C)
Relative humidity: 20% to 80% noncondensing
Operating altitude: 0 to 10,000 feet (0 to 3,048 m)
Maximum storage altitude: 15,000 feet (4,572 m)
Since the storage temperature is 60°C, that would be the recommendable
maximum temperature. On the other hand however, I personally would be
tempted to put it on 80°C for something like 6 hours to start with (maybe
only the battery is the limit for the temperature...). Then let it cool down
for a few hours and put it in your refrigerator down to -25°C, for another
6 hours. Get it out again, let it warm up for a few hours and put it through
the heat cycle again.
The original heat-chamber process I knew from years back (1987 or so)
took at least three days of high temperature and cooling things down again
(not freezing) to get things aged.
Of all things, this could help.
Another suggestion I know from years back - related to TupperWare
plastics when they took the odor of some food (let's assume garlic for an
example) - was to bury the cup / bowl or whatever in the earth (black,
relatively clean earth) for some 24 hours. After that, the smell would be
gone. Now it would feel a bit weird burying your G3 in the backyard, but if
it helps...
Best regards,
Paul de Haan
Netherlands
***
Now, that is a REALLY interesting idea for a solution, Paul. Cheap too.. ;-)
Seriously, I would be fascinated to know what agent in the soil neutralizes
the chemical odors.
From John Konopka:
Charles,
One more possible solution. I recall seeing on a web site somewhere a
report from Japan in which people had disassembled their PowerBooks and
somehow duplicated the parts using other materials. This was done for
aesthetic, not health, reasons. If you could locate these people or find
someone in the US to do the same thing perhaps you could rebuild your book
out of metal or glass. This might turn out to be a cottage industry for
someone.
John Konopka
NORAN Instruments Japan
From Darcy Matras
Hi Charles,
In your entitled "Sorry, Steve, But The G4 Stinks, And So Does My
PowerBook
" <http://www.applelinks.com/mooresviews/odor.shtml>, you make some
good points in trying to bring the issue of smelly computers to the
forefront of design. I guess I'm one of the lucky ones though, since the
smell doesn't bother me - it rather excites me! If you'd like to send me
your Macs I'll be more than happy to provide a good home.
Thanks.
Darcy M.
: )
From Gary E. Later
Are you only sensitive to chemicals that you can smell? I was under the
impression that there are many potentially harmful chemicals that are
odorless. Aren't you sensitive to those as well? Aren't some odorless
chemicals also outgassed by the synthetic materials in new products?
Gary E. Later
***
Hi Gary;
You must have missed this reference in the article:
"I tolerate some odors quite well, while reacting severely to other
substances that have no smell at all (eg: chlorofluorocarbon solvents)."
Actually, my sense of smell has been partially wiped out by a 4-year (and
counting) sinus infection -- another related issue. Often by the time I do
detect the smell of something I'm already having a reaction, which clues
me in to the fact that there is something there in the air.
Chlorofluorocarbon solvents, for instance, have no odor at all, and were
one of the first chemicals I began reacting to back in the early '70s when I
worked in an electronics service lab at a T.V. station. They used to splash
the stuff (freon) around pretty liberally.
You are right that many troublesome chemicals don't have a strong smell.
OTOH very strong and unpleasant smells like manure and rotting fish don't
cause me any reaction problems, while certain ones that I love (freshly
sawn pine lumber for instance) do.
Charles
From Stan Cousins
Charles we have emailed each other a number of times, I knew what you
did for a living; here is what I do... My company, Cousins H.V.A.C of
Elmsdale, N.S., works with the building industry and the environmentally
sensitive.
We install Heat recovery ventilation systems (whole house ventilation)
and also help in selecting building materials that are environmentally
friendly to people and are already gassed off prior to installation or do
not gas off, as well ventilating clean rooms
We have corrected many problem such as yours. It sounds like it is more
than just computers though.
If you require and info please email or call any time.
Best regards
Stan
From Eirik Iverson:
Sorry I didn't have time to read your article, it sounds interesting. But, I
really wanted to mention that my Aunt's new Gateway literally smelled
like cow crap when it arrived. Any technical note on that? :)
Cheers,
Eirik
From Joe Jensen:
A real smelly article.
***
Oh well, you can't win them all. ;-)
Charles W. Moore
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